專題論文
Thesis
英國脫歐後歐盟與英國競爭法適用關係之變革
Changes in the Application between EU’s Competition Law and UK’s Competition Law after Brexit
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- 編著譯者
- 陳麗娟
- 出版日期
- 刊登出處
- 71
- 授權者
- ISSN
- 1561-6312
- 地址
- 台北市士林區華岡路55號大賢館
- 電話
- 02-2861-0511
- 關鍵字
- 英國脫歐；歐盟；競爭法；卡特爾；企業合併管制；國家補貼； 單一窗口原則
- 中文摘要
- 2020 年12 月24 日歐盟與英國終於完成英國脫歐後的雙邊未來關 係協議談判，簽署了貿易暨合作協定，歐洲議會於2021 年4 月27 日完 成同意程序，自2021 年5 月1 日起生效，也讓歐盟與英國未來的關係 有了新的法律基礎。歐盟競爭法立法宗旨爲促進在歐洲單一市場內的 競爭維持及保障競爭自由、規範企業的違法競爭行爲，以確保企業不 會成立卡特爾或壟斷市場進而損害社會利益。由於歐盟對於單一市場 的競爭政策享有專屬職權，而歐盟的競爭法不僅適用於全體會員國， 更是擴及歐洲經濟區的成員，同時歐盟法院肯認歐盟競爭法具有域外 效力，因而英國退出歐盟後，英國即不再適用歐盟的競爭法而是自己 的競爭法，對於第三國企業而言，歐盟與英國競爭法為兩套法律，歐 盟執委會與英國的競爭暨市場局分別負責競爭調查事宜。英國脫歐 後，歐盟與英國競爭法的適用與這兩套競爭法之關係，均有釐清之必 要。
- 英文關鍵字
- Brexit, EU, Competition Law, Cartel, Merger Control, State Aid, One-Stop-Shop Principle
- 英文摘要
- The EU and the UK finally completed the negotiation of the bilateral agreement for the future relationship after Brexit and signed the EU - UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement on December 24, 2020. This comprehensive Agreement temporarily enacted since January 1, 2021. The EU - UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement temporarily becomes the new legal framework for the future relationship between the EU and the UK. The EU competition law aims to promote maintaining competition and guarantee free competition within the Single Market. The EU competition law ensures to prevent undertakings by cartel or abusing market domination from resulting in damages to the public interest. The EU has an exclusive power over the competition policy for the Single Market. The EU competition law applies not only to all member states, but also to members of the European Economic Area. The Court of Justice of the EU has confirmed the extraterritorial effects of the EU law. The EU competition law is no longer applicable in the UK after Brexit. The UK has its own competition law. Therefore, the EU competition and UK’s competition law are two legal systems for undertakings from third countries after Brexit. The One-Stop-Shop principle is no longer applicable after Brexit. Undertakings from third countries face two investigations against anti - competitive behaviors by the European Commission and the UK’s Competition and Market Authority. The impact of Brexit is legally uncertain for undertakings. The costs of legal consultation are to be considered for undertakings. It might hinder multinational undertakings from investing in the UK.On the other side, the UK’s Competition and Market Authority confronts a huge challenge of the manpower deployment. The UK also withdraws the European Competition Network after Brexit. It has blockt the exchange of information on competition issues between the European Commission and the UK’s Competition and Market Authority.Indeed, this is a bad phenomenon for both parties. It is necessary to learn how application and relation between European and British competition law are after Brexit.
- 目次
- 壹、前言 貳、貿易暨合作協定成為新的法律架構 一、全面的協定 二、貿易暨合作協定的競爭法規內容 參、英國脫歐後對歐盟競爭法影響、變革及調適 一、歐盟競爭法規範 二、脫歐協議的特別規定 三、歐盟的企業合併管制規範 四、國家補貼 五、英國脫歐對歐盟競爭法的影響與調適 肆、英國脫歐後對英國競爭法影響、變革及調適 一、英國競爭法制概況 二、1998 年競爭法 三、2002 年企業法 四、2019 年競爭規則 五、歐盟的類型豁免規則 六、英國脫歐對英國競爭法的影響與調適 伍、結論