- 英文摘要
- According to the principle of free transferability of shares in Article
163 of the Company Law, the company’s share transfer shall not be
prohibited or restricted by the articles of incorporation. However, in
accordance with Article 167-1 of the Company Law, which is an exception
to the principle of prohibition of repurchasing shares, the company can
implement treasury shares to buy back its shares. The processes to
implement it and methodologies for how to comply with the procedures and
laws is doubtful in practice. First of all, one question considers whether
there is any legal basis for agreement between the company and its
employees to buy back the company’s shares on the condition that the
employee leaves his job. It is unclear whether it is lawful to use Article
167-1 of the Company Law as the legal basis to enforce the buyback
agreement. In addition, when a company is going to buy back its own shares,
it should be decided by a resolution of the board of directors. However,
courts have conflict opinions regarding the timing for the board of directors
to make the resolution, which causes the application of the law
inconsistently. This article will discuss the origin of the principle of free
transferability of shares, detail the principle of prohibition of buyback of
shares and its exceptions, clarify the legality for the company and its
employees to enter into and enforce a share buyback agreement, and explore
the legal effect of a company’s failure to enforce a share agreement under
Article 167-1 of the Company Law. Furthermore, this article will make
observations and comparisons on foreign legislations and case laws. In
doing so, we can explore the benefits and disadvantages regarding whether
Taiwan should give our companies more room to buy back shares based on
the international trends.
- 目次
- 壹、前言
貳、實務見解
一、臺灣新竹地方法院 109 年重訴字第80 號民事判決
(一)本案事實
(二)公司得否與員工簽訂股權買回合約
(三)以實施員工庫藏股方式買回員工持股之法律效力與董事會
決議時點
二、其他實務判決
(一)臺灣新竹地方法院 106 年度訴字第585 號民事判決
(二)臺灣新竹地方法院 96 年度訴字第797 號民事判決
(三)臺灣高等法院 96 年度上更(一)字第125 號民事判決
(四)臺灣高等法院 98 年度上易字第276 號民事判決
參、股份自由轉讓原則-公司法第 163 條
一、股份自由轉讓原則
二、公司得否以契約和股東或員工約訂轉讓之限制?
肆、公司買回自己股份之例外-庫藏股
一、禁止公司買回自己股份原則
二、庫藏股制度
(一)公司法第 167 條之1 得否做為約定買回特定股東之持股之
依據?
(二)公司買回自己股份之董事會決議時點
三、公司違法買回自己股份-取締規定或效力規定?
伍、比較法觀察
一、美國公司近年之買回股份狂潮
(一)美國公司大量自己股份買回之因素
(二)美國公司大量股份買回所產生之弊病
二、各國立法模式
(一)美國
(二)歐盟
(三)香港
(四)日本
三、我國是否應適度放寬股份買回之限制
陸、結論