專題論文
Thesis

中文摘要: 難民問題影響全球甚鉅，本文首先介紹國際社會當前之狀況，並從國際法輔以各類型案例做分析，由《1951 年難民公約》以及 1967 年《與難民地位有關之議定書》等國際法觀點，定義難民及其保障之範圍。於區域層面之探討，則以美、歐與非洲國家通過因地制宜之條約宣言為主；就各別國家面對難民之因應方式，各國為善盡義務與人道考量，皆立法以處置國內難民申請案件，並透過 UNHCR 協助完善庇護機制，由於各國國情相異，因此處理難民問題之法制政策亦不盡相同，目前已制定相關法律之國家眾多，我國難民法草案說明中提及參酌美國、英國、加拿大、日本、韓國、德國等國家庇護制度與法規，擬具我國難民法草案，故本文茲就草案列舉國家中與難民相關制度執行經驗及有特色之處理模式做為參考基準簡述討論；而我國對於難民之處理，亦擬草案以為應對，不落人後。惟現實上處理難民事務，確有其困難，實亟有待國際社會成員共同協助與努力。

英文關鍵字: Asylum, Conflict, Humanitarian, Internally Displaced Persons, Refugees

英文摘要: The issue of refugees has a huge impact on the world. This article first introduces the current status of refugee in the international community and analyzes it from international law with various types of cases. It is defined by the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees about the scope of refugees and their protection. At the regional level, the United States, Europe and African countries adopted the treaty and declaration based on local conditions. In the case of individual countries facing the refugees and adopting the way to respond, each country has the legislation to deal with domestic refugee application cases to fulfill their duty and humanity concern, and also through UNHCR to help them to improve the asylum mechanism. As to the way of our country to handle the refugees, the refugee law was also drafted to respond it and not to fall behind other countries. However, in reality, it is indeed difficult to deal with refugee affairs. It is still awaiting the cooperative mechanisms and efforts of the members of international community.

目次: 壹、前言貳、國際社會下之難民流動一、難民之法律定義與脈絡（一）難民之法律定義（二）我國難民法草案中難民之定義（三）難民與國境內流離失所者二、當前國際難民狀況（一）敘利亞阿拉伯共和國難民（二）委內瑞拉共和國難民（三）南蘇丹共和國難民（四）緬甸聯邦共和國、孟加拉與泰緬邊境難民（五）剛果民主共和國難民（六）其他參、國際難民類型與引發議題一、國際難民類型（一）政治難民（二）戰爭難民（三）經濟難民（四）環境難民二、國際難民引發議題（一）安全議題（二）管理議題（三）政治、經濟、社會議題（四）醫療議題（五）其他資源議題肆、國際社會對於難民之人道救援與解決辦法一、國際社會處理難民問題之法制政策比較（一）關於難民之入境與申請（二）關於我國難民法草案之建議（三）禁止驅逐或（非自願）遣返二、國際組織對難民之協助（一）UNHCR （二）NGOs 伍、結論