- 英文摘要
- According to statistics from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the number of people forcibly displaced by war, persecution, or disasters has reached an unprecedented historical level, with the global refugee population continuing to grow annually. This accelerating trend underscores the structural nature of contemporary forced displacement and highlights the urgent need for coordinated and sustained international responses. In this context, the question of how Taiwan should respond to refugee protection challenges - and, more fundamentally, how to establish a humane, effective, and legally grounded refugee governance framework - has become an increasingly salient issue in domestic policy discourse.
This article is built upon first-hand empirical observations from a field visit to the Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya to gain a deeper understanding of refugees’ lived experiences and the operational realities of on-the-ground support mechanisms. Based on these observations, the article develops policy-oriented recommendations for Taiwan’s future refugee legal framework. Founded in 1992, Kakuma is now one of the world’s largest and longest-standing refugee camps, hosting refugees from diverse national and regional backgrounds. Refugees there face numerous challenges, including inadequate basic infrastructure, chronic resource scarcity, ethnic tensions, and severely constrained access to education, healthcare, and durable legal status.
The experiences in Kakuma offer important comparative insights for Taiwan in shaping its own refugee policies. Although Taiwan has not signed the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, the Executive Yuan introduced a draft Refugee Act in 2007, marking an initial attempt to institutionalize refugee protection through domestic legislation. Drawing upon the governance gaps, operational constraints, and protection dilemmas observed in Kakuma, this article critically examines the limitations of Taiwan’s existing policy approach and legal preparedness. Building on this analysis, the article advances a set of concrete and legally oriented reform recommendations. The ultimate goal is for Taiwan to establish a comprehensive and coherent refugee governance regime, enabling it to contribute meaningfully to the global refugee crisis while carefully balancing humanitarian concerns, national security, and social stability.
- 目次
- 壹、前言
一、研究動機
二、問題提出
貳、肯亞卡庫馬難民營的現況與挑戰
一、卡庫馬難民營之概況
二、尋求庇護者的困境
三、取得難民身分並非終點
四、難民的未來：重新安置
參、台灣難民法制的現況與反思
一、台灣難民法制現況
二、難民法草案之法制與政策
三、難民法通過後之影響與後續整合
肆、結論
